The following Review by Professor Ricks appeared in THE FARMS REVIEW pubished 2007, volume 19 No.1
by “The Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship” at Brigham Young University, pp.343-345.
In the midnineties, Michael Drosnin’s illuminating book “The Bible Code” appeared. It created an instant
international sensation. In the book, Drosnin- inspired by the researchers of Israeli mathematicians
Eliyahu Rips, Doron Witzum, and Yoav Rosenberg- argued that there is a ‘code’ emabedded in the
text of the Hebrew Bible. This ‘code’ is discovered by searching for equidistant letter sequences (ELS).
Thus, for example, we may begin with a letter (’L’) and read every nith letter (’N’) thereafter in the
book, not counting spaces. If an entire book such as Genesis is searched, the result is a long string
of consonants (the languages of the Old Testament, Hebrew and Aramaic) are represented in the
original biblical text only with consonants, without any vowels). Further, by employing different values
for L and N, one can generate many strings of consonants.
The proximate inspiration for the writing of Gustav Mahler’s ‘The Sealed Book of Daniel Opened
and Translated’ was Drosnin’s 1999 publication of a second volume, “The Bible Code II: Countdown”,
in which he states, ‘read the letters in reverse’. Gustav Mahler- a native of New York, a graduate
of Ricks College (now BYU-Idaho) and BYU, and currently a member of the staff of Utah Valley
State College in Orem, Utah- was first introduced to the Hebrew language under the able tutelage
of the venerable instructors Ellis Rasmussen and Gabriel Tabor.
Mahler created a ‘back text’ of the book of Daniel by stringing the letters of the book-
which is written in both Hebrew and Aramaic- in order, eliminating the spaces between words,
reversing the order, and translating the text of the book in reverse. The result was this
publication, one of a serices of several prospective translations and commentaries on ‘back texts’
of the Hebrew Bible. In his introduction to the book of Daniel, Mahler- who, though claims no direct
religious affiliation, describes himself as “a convert to the Jewish faith”- describes the pattern
that will follow in his translation of the ‘back text’ of Daniel.
As an example, Mahler renders the first verse of Daniel 1 in English as “In the third yeaer of the
reign of Jehoikim king of Judah” (p.20). The ‘back text’, translated into English, reads, “Give you
a joyful shout O Palaces on account they (the oppressed) obeyed. A lamentation of the
Mark-of-All-of-Them is for the dividing into three the jackal. Repent thou!” (p.21). The final
verse of Daniel (12:13), rendered in the ‘forward text’ as “And thou, go thou to the end and rest
thou and stand at thy allotted portion at the end of days” (p.21), is translated in the ‘back text’
as “Wailing is from YAH! Distress is for thee to tread the blood of His Time. The Mark loathes
distress for thee at his chamber” (p.22). The entire book follows this same format. But is
the meaning of the ‘back text’ more compelling than that of the ‘forward text”? Some may be
persuaded that the meaning of the ‘back text’ is more compelling, but I am not convinced.
I have a further question: since much of the book of Daniel (2:4-7:28) is written in Aramaic,
why does Mahler translate the ‘back text’ as though it were Hebrew and not Aramaic? Given
the relatively free syntax of Imperial Aramaic (and the relatively restrictive syntax of Biblical
Hebrew), could it not more easily and justifiably be translated in Aramaic?
“The Sealed Book of Daniel Opened and Translated” is a tetament to the industry and
linguistic skill of the author. Mahler demonstrates great skill and real finesse in his translation
of the ‘back text’ of Daniel. But sometimes Mahler’s renderings of the ‘back text’ press the
boundaries of clear sense. I must frankly confess that I lack Mahler’s neo-Kabbalist
enthusiasm: given the choice between reading the ‘forward text’ of Daniel in Hebrew and
Aramaic (which I regularly do with my biblical Aramaic students) and the ‘back text’, I
prefer the ‘forward text’.